Seismic Swarm Near Redlands, California: September 2017 Analysis
A seismic swarm designated S20170910.1 occurred 2 km southeast of Redlands, California, beginning at 18:00 on 9 September 2017 and concluding at 06:53 on 13 September 2017. Over this 84-hour, 52-minute period, 53 earthquakes were recorded. Magnitudes ranged from 0.5 to 2.3, with the largest event registering at 2.3 on 10 September at 22:42:39 UTC and a depth of 6 km. Depths predominantly clustered between 4 and 6 km, though several events reached 12–16 km.
The sequence featured an initial event of magnitude 1.0 at 16 km depth on 9 September, followed by a cluster of small events on 10 September, including multiple magnitudes above 1.4 between 16:00 and 18:00 UTC. Activity continued at lower rates on 11 and 12 September before tapering with a final magnitude 0.7 event at 15 km depth on 13 September. This pattern reflects typical swarm behavior, where numerous small events occur without a dominant mainshock-aftershock sequence.
Redlands lies in Southern California's Inland Empire, a region shaped by the complex interaction of the Pacific and North American tectonic plates along the San Andreas Fault system. The local geology includes the San Jacinto Fault zone to the east and strands of the San Andreas Fault to the north, producing ongoing strain accumulation and release through frequent small-magnitude seismicity. Historical records indicate that the area has hosted seven documented swarms since 1 January 2000, occurring in 2003 (1 swarm), 2005 (2 swarms), 2010 (1 swarm), 2013 (1 swarm), 2014 (1 swarm), and 2015 (1 swarm). These episodes underscore the persistent low-level seismic productivity characteristic of the fault network.
Such swarms provide valuable data for monitoring crustal stress changes in a densely populated region. Depths in the 4–6 km range align with the brittle upper crust where most regional microseismicity nucleates. The 2017 swarm remained well below damaging thresholds, consistent with the area's background rate of felt but non-destructive events.
References
USGS Earthquake Catalog (earthquake.usgs.gov)
California Geological Survey regional fault maps
SeismoSight internal swarm classification records