Analysis of the July-August 2014 Earthquake Swarm East of Fort Bidwell, California
The earthquake swarm designated S20140801.1 occurred approximately 42 km east of Fort Bidwell in Modoc County, California, within the northeastern portion of the state near the borders with Oregon and Nevada. This sequence began at 22:26 UTC on 31 July 2014 and concluded at 22:16 UTC on 3 August 2014, spanning 71 hours and 49 minutes. During this interval, 51 earthquakes were recorded, with magnitudes ranging from 0.9 to 3.0 and focal depths predominantly between 0 and 4 km.
The events exhibited characteristics typical of swarm activity, featuring a gradual increase in rate followed by a cluster of larger events on 1 August and a subsequent decline without a single dominant mainshock. The largest event reached magnitude 3.0 at 10:13 UTC on 1 August, accompanied by several events of magnitude 2.0–2.4. Depths remained consistently shallow, indicating activity within the uppermost crust.
Geologically, the region lies within the Modoc Plateau, a volcanic province influenced by Basin and Range extension. Normal faulting associated with east-west crustal stretching accommodates tectonic strain in this area. The Warner Mountains to the west and adjacent valleys reflect Miocene to Quaternary volcanic and sedimentary deposits overlying older basement rocks. Quaternary basaltic flows and fault scarps indicate ongoing deformation linked to the broader Walker Lane belt and the northern termination of the Sierra Nevada.
Seismic swarms in this setting often relate to fluid migration or minor magmatic processes within the extensional regime, though no surface rupture or volcanic unrest was associated with this sequence. Historical records show recurrent low-level seismicity in Modoc County, consistent with the distributed fault network of the province.
The shallow nature of the 2014 events aligns with the thin seismogenic layer observed in similar volcanic-extensional terrains of northeastern California. No damage was reported, reflecting the modest magnitudes involved.
References
USGS Earthquake Catalog (earthquake.usgs.gov)
California Geological Survey, Regional Geologic Map Series
USGS Professional Paper on Modoc Plateau Tectonics