Seismic Swarm S20141104.1: Analysis of Activity East of Fort Bidwell, California
Seismic swarm S20141104.1 was recorded beginning at 06:13 on 4 November 2014 and concluding at 05:05 on 30 December 2014. The sequence was centered 43 km east of Fort Bidwell, California, and comprised 1792 earthquakes over a span of 1342 hours and 52 minutes.
Examination of the first 100 events reveals predominantly shallow foci, with the majority at depths of 0–5 km. Magnitudes ranged from 0.9 to 4.6, featuring an initial cluster of events below magnitude 2.0 followed by progressive escalation. Notable shocks include a magnitude 4.0 at 10:47 on 4 November, a magnitude 3.3 at 21:16 on the same day, and the sequence peak of magnitude 4.6 at 07:23 on 5 November. Subsequent activity through 5 November maintained elevated rates with frequent magnitude 2.0–3.0 events, interspersed with brief lulls. Depths remained shallow overall, indicating a near-surface source consistent with swarm behavior driven by fluid migration or localized stress adjustments rather than a single mainshock-aftershock pattern.
The Fort Bidwell region occupies the northwestern margin of the Basin and Range province within the Modoc Plateau. This area is underlain by Miocene to Pleistocene volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, primarily basaltic and andesitic flows, with structural control exerted by north-northwest-trending normal faults. Extension across the province produces recurrent seismic swarms, often linked to geothermal fluid circulation along fault zones. Historical records since 2000 document eight such swarms in the broader area, with S20141104.1 representing the earliest in the catalog.
Regional tectonics reflect ongoing transtensional deformation between the Pacific and North American plates, modulated by the influence of the Cascade volcanic arc to the west. Seismicity is typically diffuse and shallow, rarely exceeding magnitude 5.0 in swarms, aligning with the observed characteristics of this sequence.
References
USGS Earthquake Catalog
California Geological Survey regional reports
Nevada Seismological Laboratory archives