Seismic Swarm S20140819.4 Near Hebgen Lake Estates, Montana
A seismic swarm designated S20140819.4 occurred approximately 4 km east-southeast of Hebgen Lake Estates in southwestern Montana. The sequence began at 16:41 on 18 August 2014 and concluded at 08:00 on 20 August 2014, spanning 39 hours and 19 minutes. During this period, 42 earthquakes were recorded, with magnitudes ranging from -0.2 to 1.9 and focal depths predominantly between 8 and 14 km.
The swarm exhibited typical characteristics of clustered microseismicity, featuring an initial burst of events on the evening of 18 August followed by sporadic activity through 19 August and a final event early on 20 August. Most events clustered around magnitudes 0.5–1.7, with the largest reaching 1.9 at 22:29 on 18 August. Depths remained relatively consistent near 11–12 km for the stronger shocks, though a few shallower events occurred around 2–9 km.
This activity took place within the Intermountain Seismic Belt, a north-trending zone of active normal faulting that extends from Arizona through Utah and Idaho into Montana. The Hebgen Lake region lies near the southern margin of this belt and is influenced by both Basin and Range extension and proximity to the Yellowstone volcanic system. The area is underlain by Precambrian metamorphic rocks and Paleozoic sedimentary sequences cut by Quaternary faults, including the Hebgen Lake fault responsible for the destructive magnitude 7.3 earthquake of 17 August 1959.
Historical records indicate recurrent swarm activity in the vicinity. Since 1 January 2000, 35 swarms have been documented in the region. Annual counts include five swarms each in 2000, 2002, and 2013; four in 2001; three each in 2008 and 2009; two each in 2003, 2004, and 2007; and single swarms in 2005, 2006, 2010, and 2011. Such episodic clustering is consistent with the tectonic regime of distributed normal faulting and possible fluid migration associated with regional geothermal systems.
The 2014 swarm did not produce any reported damage or felt shaking beyond instrumental detection, reflecting the low magnitudes involved. Continued monitoring of similar sequences contributes to understanding background seismicity rates and potential precursors to larger events along nearby faults.
References
USGS Earthquake Hazards Program
Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology seismic reports
International Seismological Centre catalog