Analysis of Earthquake Swarm VS20241008.1 Near Beluga, Alaska
SeismoSight registered swarm VS20241008.1 on 7 October 2024 at 18:27 UTC. The sequence concluded on 12 October 2024 at 13:37 UTC after 115 hours and 9 minutes, recording 110 earthquakes centered 66 km west-northwest of Beluga, Alaska.
The Beluga region occupies the northern Cook Inlet basin in south-central Alaska. This area experiences frequent seismicity driven by convergence between the Pacific and North American plates along the Aleutian subduction zone. The Cook Inlet basin itself formed through Cenozoic extension and later compression, hosting active faults and Quaternary volcanism from the nearby Aleutian arc. Crustal earthquakes commonly occur at shallow depths above the subducting slab, consistent with the swarm’s observed characteristics.
Historical records since 1 January 2000 document seven prior swarms in the vicinity. These occurred in 2021 (one swarm), 2022 (one swarm), and five additional swarms in 2024, indicating episodic clustered activity rather than isolated mainshock-aftershock sequences.
Analysis of the first 100 events reveals predominantly microseismic activity. Magnitudes ranged from -1.1 to 3.2, with the majority below 0.0 and only a few exceeding 1.0. The largest event reached magnitude 3.2 at 6 km depth on 8 October 2024 at 10:25:51 UTC. Depths concentrated between 0 and 6 km, with isolated events extending to 35 km. Early activity on 7–8 October included several events near magnitude 2.0 clustered within minutes, followed by a sharp decline in both rate and size after 9 October. Negative magnitudes and near-surface depths suggest brittle failure in shallow crustal layers under low confining pressure.
The swarm’s short duration and low-energy release align with fluid-driven or stress-triggered mechanisms common in subduction-related forearc settings. No damage or felt reports were associated with these events given their small sizes.
References
SeismoSight internal swarm classification VS20241008.1
USGS Earthquake Catalog for Cook Inlet region tectonics
Alaska Earthquake Center regional seismic reports