Seismic Swarm S20171009.1 Near Hawthorne, Nevada: Geological Context and Event Analysis
Seismic swarm S20171009.1 occurred approximately 30 km south of Hawthorne, Nevada, in a tectonically active portion of the Basin and Range Province. This extensional regime features distributed normal faulting driven by crustal stretching between the Sierra Nevada and the stable North American interior. The swarm initiated at 14:24 on 8 October 2017 and concluded at 17:51 on 11 October 2017, spanning 75 hours and 26 minutes during which 371 earthquakes were recorded.
The first 100 events displayed typical swarm characteristics, with magnitudes ranging from -0.2 to 1.8 and focal depths concentrated between 5 km and 11 km. These shallow depths align with brittle failure within the upper crust of the region. Activity began with a modest 0.4-magnitude event and quickly transitioned into a sequence of low-magnitude earthquakes clustered in time, consistent with fluid migration or aseismic slip triggering successive failures along local fault networks.
The Hawthorne area lies within the Walker Lane belt, a northwest-trending zone of dextral shear that accommodates roughly 20 percent of Pacific–North American plate motion. This structural setting promotes episodic swarm activity rather than large mainshock-aftershock sequences. Historical records maintained by SeismoSight indicate 26 swarms in the vicinity since 1 January 2000, distributed across the following years: 2001 (2), 2004 (1), 2006 (3), 2011 (7), 2012 (1), 2013 (1), 2015 (3), 2016 (3), and 2017 (5). Such recurrence underscores the persistent strain accumulation and release along subsidiary faults south of Hawthorne.
No surface rupture or damage was associated with swarm S20171009.1, reflecting the limited energy release of its microseismic population. Ongoing monitoring in this portion of western Nevada remains important for refining seismic hazard models, given the proximity of the Mina deflection and the potential for larger events along the broader Walker Lane system.
References
SeismoSight internal swarm catalog (S20171009.1 parameters and historical counts).
USGS Earthquake Hazards Program regional tectonic summaries for the Walker Lane and Basin and Range.