Seismic Swarm S20150505.1: Analysis of Activity Near Lee Vining, California
Seismic swarm S20150505.1 was recorded 28 km east-northeast of Lee Vining, California, beginning at 02:13 on 4 May 2015 and concluding at 00:27 on 7 May 2015. Over 70 hours and 13 minutes, the sequence produced 111 earthquakes. Analysis of the first 100 events shows predominantly low-magnitude activity, with the largest event reaching magnitude 2.6 at a depth of 6 km. Depths across the sequence ranged from 3 km to 14 km, and most events clustered between 4 km and 8 km. The initial event measured magnitude 0.8 at 10 km depth, followed by a gradual increase in frequency and occasional peaks above magnitude 2.0, including events of 2.1, 2.4, and 2.0 later in the sequence.
The Lee Vining area lies within Mono County in eastern California, at the transition between the Sierra Nevada and the Basin and Range Province. This tectonic setting features active normal faulting driven by regional extension associated with the Walker Lane belt. The region is also influenced by proximity to the Long Valley Caldera, a large volcanic system whose most recent major eruption occurred approximately 760,000 years ago. Ongoing geothermal activity and fluid movement within the crust contribute to the area's elevated seismicity. Mono Lake, located immediately north of Lee Vining, sits atop volcanic features including the Mono-Inyo Craters chain, which has produced eruptions as recently as 600 years ago.
Seismic swarms in this portion of the eastern Sierra Nevada are not uncommon. Historical records since 2000 document nine prior swarms in the immediate vicinity, occurring in 2001 (two swarms), 2004 (two), 2006 (one), 2008 (two), 2009 (one), and 2011 (one). These episodes typically consist of numerous small events without a single dominant mainshock, consistent with the characteristics observed in S20150505.1. Such activity is often attributed to a combination of tectonic strain release and hydrothermal fluid migration rather than magmatic intrusion.
The 2015 swarm aligns with long-term monitoring data from regional seismic networks, which show persistent low-level seismicity along faults east of the Sierra Nevada crest. No surface rupture or significant ground deformation was associated with the sequence. Magnitudes remained below levels that would produce felt shaking for most residents, although events near magnitude 2.0–2.6 may have been perceptible within a few kilometers of the epicentral area.
Continued surveillance of the Long Valley Caldera and surrounding fault systems remains essential given the region's dual tectonic and volcanic hazards. Future swarms will likely follow similar patterns of clustered, shallow seismicity driven by the same geological framework.
References
- United States Geological Survey Earthquake Catalog
- California Geological Survey Regional Fault Maps
- Long Valley Caldera Monitoring Reports, USGS
- SeismoSight internal swarm classification records