Seismic Swarm S20190911.1: Analysis of Activity Near Carson City, Nevada
A seismic swarm designated S20190911.1 occurred approximately 10 km north-northwest of Carson City, Nevada. The sequence began at 09:24 on 11 September 2019 and concluded at 03:55 on 12 September 2019, encompassing 26 earthquakes over 18 hours and 30 minutes. Magnitudes ranged from 0.0 to 1.5, with focal depths primarily between 0 and 9 km. The largest events included a magnitude 1.5 quake at 09:58 on 11 September at 6 km depth and a magnitude 1.3 event at 09:53 the same day at 3 km depth. Most activity clustered in the initial hours, with smaller events persisting into the following morning.
This swarm unfolded in a region shaped by ongoing extensional tectonics within the Basin and Range Province. Carson City lies along the western margin of this province, adjacent to the Sierra Nevada frontal fault system and influenced by the Walker Lane belt, a zone of distributed shear and normal faulting. The area's geology features Quaternary alluvial deposits overlying Mesozoic granitic and metamorphic rocks, with active faults accommodating northwest-directed extension at rates of several millimeters per year. Historical seismicity in western Nevada reflects this framework, producing both isolated events and episodic swarms along north- to northwest-striking normal faults.
Swarm activity has been recurrent in the locale. Records since 1 January 2000 document 32 such sequences. These occurred in 2003 (three swarms), 2004 (one), 2005 (four), 2007 (one), 2008 (two), 2010 (one), 2012 (three), 2013 (three), 2014 (two), 2015 (four), 2016 (two), 2017 (one), and 2018 (five). Such patterns indicate episodic fluid migration or stress perturbations along pre-existing fractures rather than mainshock-aftershock sequences driven by a single large rupture.
The 2019 swarm's shallow depths and low magnitudes align with typical background seismicity in the Walker Lane transition zone. No damage or felt reports were associated with these events, consistent with their small sizes. Continued monitoring by regional networks supports improved characterization of fault behavior in this tectonically active corridor between the stable Sierra Nevada block and the extending Great Basin.
References
USGS Earthquake Catalog (earthquake.usgs.gov)
Nevada Seismological Laboratory historical data
Basin and Range Province tectonic summaries from USGS Professional Papers