Seismic Swarm Near Carnelian Bay, California: September 18, 2023 Event Analysis
A seismic swarm designated S20230918.1 occurred 0 km southeast of Carnelian Bay, California, on September 18, 2023. The sequence began at 04:17 UTC and concluded at 19:19 UTC, spanning 15 hours and 2 minutes. During this period, 41 earthquakes were recorded.
Carnelian Bay lies on the northern shore of Lake Tahoe within the Sierra Nevada range. The region forms part of the Walker Lane belt, a zone of distributed shear accommodating right-lateral motion between the Pacific and North American plates. Active normal and strike-slip faults in the Tahoe-Sierra frontal fault system drive shallow crustal seismicity. Earthquake depths in this setting commonly range from 1 to 8 km, consistent with the observed swarm data.
The swarm exhibited typical characteristics of clustered microseismicity without a dominant mainshock-aftershock pattern. Magnitudes ranged from -0.3 to 3.2, with the largest event occurring at 04:17:37 UTC at a depth of 3 km. Two additional events exceeded magnitude 2.0, including a 2.5 at 08:04:48 UTC (depth 1 km) and a 2.4 at 15:14:54 UTC (depth 4 km). The majority of events clustered between 6 and 8 km depth, indicating a compact source volume.
Historical records indicate 27 swarms in the same area since January 1, 2000. Annual counts include three swarms in 2003, four in 2005, three in 2012, and two each in 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2021. This frequency underscores the persistent tectonic strain release along local fault structures.
Such swarms contribute to long-term seismic hazard assessment in the Lake Tahoe basin. They reflect episodic fluid migration or aseismic slip along faults rather than magmatic processes. Monitoring data from regional networks continue to refine models of fault segmentation and recurrence intervals for larger events in the Walker Lane.
References
SeismoSight internal swarm classification S20230918.1
USGS Earthquake Hazards Program regional tectonic summaries
California Geological Survey fault database for the Tahoe basin